Question

Zoonotic disease transmitted to humans is
(a) Measles
(b) Diphtheria
(c) Trachoma
(d) Rabies

Answer 1

Zoonotic diseases are the type of diseases that are caused by the germs that are transmitted between animals and humans. It is also known as “zoonoses”. In simple words, it originates in animals but can cause disease in humans. The transmitted pathogen could be viruses, bacteria, or fungi and the infection caused by them could result in mild or severe illness or in extreme cases death.

Complete step by step answer:
Rabies is a type of zoonotic disease and is transmitted generally from dogs to humans through a bite or scratch. It is a viral disease caused by the rabies virus. The infection is caused by a rabies virus I know as encephalomyelitis (inflammation of the brain or spinal cord) . The transmission of the virus happens through the contact of dog saliva and it directly infects the Central Nervous System of the human. Animals like dogs, rabbits, cats, bats, raccoons, etc. are capable of transmitting this disease to human beings.
Symptoms:
- Swelling in the brain or spinal cord
- Frequent headache and nausea
- High fever
- Hallucinations and mental confusions
- Excess salivation
- Muscle spasms
Diagnosis- At the time when the host is bitten it cannot be said if the animal is rabid or not. If lab tests show the presence of antibodies in the blood, the virus is isolated from saliva or by skin biopsy around the bitten area.
Treatment- After the bite of an animal, and before the symptoms begin to show, proper medical help and treatment can help prevent the virus from causing serious illness to the host.
- Get rabies vaccination to prevent the infection
- Vaccinating the pet against the disease.
- Maintain distance with wild animals.
- Wash the area of bites or scratches with soapy water for about 15 minutes. This will help in minimizing the number of viruses
- Keep domestic pets away from stray dogs and cats and wild animals.
So, the correct answer is ‘(d) Rabies’.

Note: Rabies is a viral disease that is nearly always transmitted by an infected animal bite. Anyone who receives a bite should immediately seek treatment. For treatment to be successful, it must be given before the appearance of symptoms, or else it could cause serious neurological illness. Always make sure to vaccinate the pet before adopting one.