Question

Write two differences between diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus.

Answer 1

Both forms of diabetes insipidus are related to a hormone called vasopressin, although they occur in different ways. Vasopressin facilitates the preservation of water in the kidneys.

Complete answer:
Diabetes mellitus is caused by insulin deficiency or by insulin hypo-secretion. Type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus are two distinct types of diabetes mellitus. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is sometimes referred to as type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is called type 2 diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Diabetes Insipidus is the result of the deficiency of ADH. In this case, the individual suffers from polyurea. It's also called a drinker's disease.

| Diabetes Mellitus| Diabetes Insipidus
---|---|---
Deficiency| It is caused due to deficiency of Insulin.| It is caused due to deficiency of ADH.
Type of disorder| Pancreatic| Hypothalamic disorder.
Blood sugar level| The blood sugar level is high.| Blood sugar level is normal.
Urine Volume| The volume of urine is excessive.| The volume of urine is enormous.
Urine concentration| The concentration of urine is normal.| The urine is very dilute.
Ketone formation| Ketone formation occurs.| Ketone formation does not occur.
Excretion of sugar in the urine| Sugar is excreted in the urine.| Sugar is not excreted in the urine.
Symptoms| Feeling deeply thirsty, over-eating, and producing urine| Feeling thirsty, excretion of significant quantities of urine, and dehydration
Cholesterol level in the blood| Cholesterol levels in the blood increase.| Cholesterol level in the blood decreases.

Note: Diabetes is not healed, but it can be treated and managed. The aim of diabetes management is to: keep your blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible by combining food intake with medications and exercise.