Question

Write the structures of the following compounds. $3-Hydroxybutanal$

Answer 1

Hint : We know that the carbonyl compounds, for example, aldehydes and ketones can be decreased to alcohols by utilizing reducing agents, for example, lithium aluminum hydride and so on .Aldehyde always forms primary alcohols while ketone structure forms secondary alcohols.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
3-Hydroxybutanal (acetaldol) is an aldol, officially the result of the dimerization of acetaldehyde. It was once utilized in medication as a mesmerizing and narcotic. Functional isomerism is seen when substances having different functional groups have the same molecular formula. So, to check if functional group isomerism is shown, we must check the compounds of the given functional groups having equal numbers of carbon atoms.
Isomerism is broadly of two types, that is, structural isomerism or constitutional isomerism, and stereoisomers. Structural isomers are those isomers in which the compounds possessing the same molecular formula differ in their properties due to the difference in the linkage of atoms inside the molecule, i.e., due to a difference in their structures or bonding.
Stereoisomerism is defined as the type of isomerism in which compounds possessing the same molecular formula and same structural formula, differ in their properties due to difference in the arrangement in space of their atoms in the molecule.
The given compound contains hydroxyl group at carbon number three and it has an aldehyde group in its parent chain with four carbon atoms. Thus the structure of the compound is: $C{{H}_{3}}-CH(OH)-C{{H}_{2}}-CHO.$

Note :
Remember that aldehydes and Ketones are frequently called methanol or formal groups. The carbon atom of this group has two residual bonds that may be involved by aryl or alkyl or substituents. On the off chance that neither of these substituents is hydrogen, the compound is a Ketone. In the event that at any rate one is hydrogen, the compound is then said to be an Aldehyde.