Question

Write the similarity between the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bat. What do you infer from the above with reference to evolution?

Answer 1

The organs of different animals with a different form, but with similar functions, are known as the analogous organ.

Complete answer:
Since a small genetic alteration produced a substantial morphological variation, some species may have close similarities to each other. Likewise, species that are not related can be remotely linked, but they look quite close. This occurs generally when both species have grown under identical circumstances in common adaptations. If environmental limitations contribute to identical traits, rather than a close adaptation, an analogy or homoplasy is named. For instance, Insects fly with wings like bats and birds, but the arrangement of the wing and embryonic roots are distinct. These systems are known as analogous. The same embryo origin shares with homologous structures; analogue organs have the same function. The bones in the front of a whale, for instance, are identical to the bones of the human arm. These are not analogous structures.

The wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bat are analogous structures. Both can fly with their wings but their origins are not the same. The wings of bats are composed of bones whereas the wings of butterflies are not composed of bone and have a specifically different structure. These show the evolutionary relationship between different organisms.

Note: Homologous organs are classified as organs of various species, whose structures are same but functions differ. The structure of two different animals can be resembled but their organs have different functions. The forelimbs of frogs, man and whale flippers are examples of homologous organs. All species are similar in their composition but act differently. Flippers are used to swim, the forelimbs of frogs to jump and support, and the forelimbs of the man to write, food, hold things, etc.