Question

Write the name of the genetically engineered human insulin.

Answer 1

Human insulin is defined as synthetic insulin, a product that is produced to imitate insulin in humans. It was created in 1983. Human Insulin is used in the treatment of hyperglycemia caused by type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Complete answer:
Genetic engineering is a process by which recombinant DNA technology is used to change the genetic makeup of the organism. Traditionally, humans have indirectly manipulated genomes by regulating the reproduction and choosing offspring with the desired traits. Genetic modification requires the active control of one or more genes. Very frequently, a gene from another animal is applied to the genome of the organism to give it the desired phenotype.

Insulin is a hormone released by the pancreas that controls the amount of glucose in the blood. The lack of insulin or the failure to respond to insulin causes diabetes. Adult diabetes treatment is possible by using insulin at regular periods of time.

Insulin used for diabetes was originally derived from the pancreas of slaughtered cattle and pigs. Insulin from an animal source, though led some patients to experience allergies or other responses to foreign proteins. In 1983, Eli Lilly, an American company, prepared two DNA sequences corresponding to the A and B chains of human insulin and applied them to E. Coli plasmids to make insulin chains. Chains A and B were formed independently, isolated and combined by forming disulfide bonds to form human insulin. The name of this human insulin is Humulin.

Note: Adequate insulin dose helps patients with diabetes to utilize sugars, proteins and fats effectively. Insulin, regardless of dose intensity, helps in the digestion of carbohydrates and thus inhibits the production of ketone by the liver.