Question

Write the $IUPAC$ name of the following

Answer 1

The given compounds are alkanes the name of such compounds are based on their chain structure and end with suffix ‘-ane’ and carry a prefix indicating the number of carbon atoms present in the chain except from $C{H_4}$ to ${C_4}{H_{10.}}$

Complete step-by-step answer: In the given question there are two structures let solve them one by one.
$1.$ The compound is hydrocarbon with a single bond between the carbon atoms. It is alkane and will have the suffix –ane.
There are three four carbon in the longest chain. The prefix for this compound is prop-.
There is a branched group attached to the second carbon atom. In this case the methyl is on carbon $2$ regardless which you number the longest chain from.
This group has the formula $C{H_3}$ , which is methane without a hydrogen atom. However it is not part of the chain it gives the (methyl).
Now combine the element of the compound’s name into a single word in order of branched group, prefix name according to the functional group.
Thus, the compound name is ${{2 - methylbutane}}$ .
This compound is also a hydrocarbon. It is also an alkane and will have a suffix of –ane.
There are three carbon atoms in the longest chain. The prefix of the compound will be prop-.
Combine the elements of the name into the single word
Thus, the name of the compound is ${{propane}}$ .

Note: The longest chain of carbon atoms containing the functional group is numbered in such a way that the functional group is attached at the carbon atom possessing lowest possible number in the chainIf the two substituents are found in equivalent position, the lower number is given to the one coming first in the alphabetical listing.