Question

Write the IUPAC name of the compound.

Answer 1

We will use the guidelines laid by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) to name the following chemical compound. IUPAC is an international chemistry union to which all the countries have agreed so that there are no two names for the same chemical compound. By knowing the basics of nomenclature, we can name any chemical compound within seconds. The longest chain will be the parent chain along with the functional group and substituents written as prefixes.

Complete Step-by-Step solution
We can observe that there is a chloro group attached at the end of the chemical compound. So, we will start from there and identify the longest carbon chain in the above chemical compound. We can observe that the longest carbon chain consists of $3$ carbon atoms.
Now, we need to select between the methyl and chlorine group. Both have equal priority. So, in this case, we will use alphabetical order to name the compound first. Chloro starts with a ‘C’ and methyl starts with a ‘M’. ‘C’ comes before ‘M’ according to the alphabetical order. So, the naming will start from chloro. So, we will write $1$ -chloro first and then we will write $2$ -methyl.
And the chemical compound with $3$ carbon atoms is known as propane.
So, the IUPAC name of the above chemical compound will be $1$ -chloro $2$ -methyl propane.

Note
The need for such a systematic approach arose because of the sheer quantity of new organic compound discoveries that made the trivial nomenclature of organic compounds extremely inconvenient. However, chemists do not always follow the IUPAC nomenclature guidelines because some compounds, as per the IUPAC nomenclature guidelines, have very long and extremely tedious names. More trivial names are assigned to these compounds.