Question

Write the IUPAC name of the compound.
$C{H_3} - CH(N{H_2}) - C{H_2} - CHO$

Answer 1

As we all know nomenclature involves two systems for naming the organic compounds and these two systems are trivial systems and IUPAC systems. IUPAC is the short for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. IUPAC system consists of secondary prefix, primary prefix, primary suffix and secondary suffix.

Complete step by step answer:
As we have learnt that IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. IUPAC system consists of secondary prefix, primary prefix, primary suffix and secondary suffix. The names of straight chain hydrocarbons consist of the word root and primary suffix which is ‘ane’. For instance- methane $C{H_4}$, ethane ${C_2}{H_6}$ etc. In branched chain hydrocarbons small side chains are attached to the parent carbon chain and are called alkyl groups like methyl, ethyl etc.
Similarly, we can use the nomenclature of organic compounds having functional groups attached with the parent chain. The chemical properties of the molecule are described by their functional groups attached to them. Organic compounds with the same functional groups show similar chemical properties like methanol, ethanol propanol etc all produce hydrogen when treated with sodium metal. We can follow some rules for naming of these organic compounds with functional groups:
1. Parent chain: this is that carbon chain which involved the functional group without caring about its length.
2. Numbering of parent chain: it is done in such a way that the carbon attached to the functional group gets the lowest possible number in the chain.
3. Functional group naming: it is designated by adding secondary suffix after the primary suffix like ane, ene, yne. If the secondary suffix begins with vowels then ‘e’ of the primary suffix is excluded.
4. If more than one functional group is present then the order of the priority will be: $- COOH > - S{O_3}H > - COOR > - COCl > - CON{H_2} > - CN > - CHO > - CO > - OH > - N{H_2} > - C = C > - C \equiv C -$
5. If more than one functional group having the same type is present then di, tri, tetra etc is added before the suffix.
Following the above explained rules we can name the given compound: as we can see that the parent chain is of four carbon and aldehyde group attached carbon will be given the lowest number so on the third carbon we can see that an amine group is attached.

**Therefore the name of this compound is: 3-aminebutanal.

Note: **
Students should remember the order of preference of functional groups then only answering these types of questions will be easy. Always remember that the parent chain will start from the side of attachment of the functional group.