Question

Write the full name of IVF.

Answer 1

This technique is carried out in anyone among the partner or both the partner that is able to produce gametes, but fertilization does not occur. In such cases, fertilization is carried out artificially.

Complete answer: IVF stands for invitro-fertilization also known as a test-tube baby. This fertilization technique is performed for an infertile couple either male or female. The reasons for infertility may be drug consumption, congenital disease, physical or immunological or even psychological factors. In males, the condition in which no sperm is present in semen is called azoospermia, if the sperm count is low is known as oligospermia. In low sperm count, the number of sperms per ejaculate is near about 20 million per ml and this number is very small than normal sperm count. If no motile sperm formed or sperms having diminished motility, this condition is called asthenospermia. If the male is suffering from these conditions then such males are called as infertile male. In females, the infertile conditions are anovulation (failure to ovulate), damage of fallopian tube or uterine damage. If the female is suffering from such conditions, then the female is called as infertile female. In such cases, ovary in the female is stimulated to produce several fertilizable oocytes (eggs) Then, by injecting a syringe into the ovary, egg or oocyte is collected. Similarly by injecting syringes directly into seminiferous tubules or in vasa deferentia male gametes or sperms are collected. In an artificial medium providing sterile conditions, male and female gametes are allowed to fertilize in a petri-dish. After the fusion, the zygote will form and then it is incubated from embryos. Two or three embryones are transferred into the female. After 14 days gravida test is performed to confirm pregnancy.

Note: In IVF, the embryo transfer is accomplished by two methods. One is ZIFT i.e. zygote intrafallopian transfer and another method is IUT i.e. Intrauterine transfer. In ZIFT embryo transferred into the fallopian tube and in IUT embryo is transferred directly into the uterus.