Question

Write the characteristic properties of transition elements.

Answer 1

The d block elements are found in the group 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 of the periodic table. These are also known as transition metals. The d orbital is filled with an electronic shell $n - 1$. There are a total of 40 d block elements.

Complete step by step answer:
There are some characteristics of d-block elements or transition elements:
1.Transition metals are those metals that exhibit transitional behavior between s and p block elements, having partially filled d or f subshell in any common oxidation state. These are the metallic elements that serve as a bridge between the two sides of the table. The reason why they exist in d-block comes from the fact that their outer electronic configuration belongs to the d-subshell. The valence electrons are partially or filled in d-orbitals.
2.d-block elements can be found from the third group to the twelfth group of the modern periodic table. The valence electrons are always in the d orbital. D block elements are also known as transition elements or transition metals.
3.d-block elements show commonly metallic behavior of high tensile strength, malleability, ductility, electrical and thermal conductivity.
4.Transition metals have empty or half-filled d orbitals, that is why some d-block elements form a colored ion. So, some elements form colored ions.
5.Due to the presence of unpaired electrons in their electronic configuration in elements, they show paramagnetic character. So, some elements are paramagnetic. Paramagnetic atoms are attracted to the magnetic field due to the presence of unpaired electrons. If all electrons are paired in the elements, they show diamagnetic character. Diamagnetic atoms are repelled to the magnetic field due to paired electrons. $C{r^{ + 3}}$ shows a violet color $M{n^{ + 2}}$ shows a pale pink color and $Z{n^{ + 2}}$ does not show any color.

Note: The d-block elements form compounds known as the coordination compound. To find the IUPAC name for their compound, we need to follow some rules:
1.Name the ions present in the compound in the order such that the name of the cation Is placed before the anion.
2.When naming within the complexion, before we write the name of the central atom, we write the name of the ligands present.
3.The names of the ligands must be written in alphabetic order.
4.In case a certain ligand is repeated, then it needs to have certain prefixes to denote the number of times it has been repeated. The prefixes mono-, di-, tri-, are used for once, twice, and thrice repetitions respectively.
5.If the ligand name is enclosed in parentheses and its number is given with the alternate prefixes bis, tris, tetrakis instead.
6.To denote the oxidation number of the central atom, the corresponding roman numeral must be included in parenthesis and be written after writing the name of the central atom.
7.When the central atom is negative, then we add the suffix ‘-ate’ to the name of the central atom