Question

Write four main uses of baking soda.

Answer 1

Baking soda is also known as sodium bicarbonate. Its chemical formula is $NaHC{O_3}$. It is basically a salt that comprises sodium cation and a bicarbonate anion.

Complete step by step answer:
We can see various applications of chemistry that are being exhibited in every part of our household, like in the kitchen, bathroom etc. One such compound is sodium bicarbonate, which is used mainly because of its versatility, usefulness and its cheap price.
It is a white, crystalline solid that has a salty taste. Further, it can be converted to baking powder by adding tartaric acid and starch. It is basic in nature and bitter in flavor. Now, let’s discuss how this compound is prepared.
A process known as Solvay process is used for the production of sodium bicarbonate or baking soda. In this process, carbon dioxide, water, ammonia and brine solution are used as raw materials. This process is mainly used because it is inexpensive. The important chemical reactions are as shown:
$C{O_2} + {H_2}O + N{H_3} + N{a^ + } \to NaHC{O_3} + N{H^{ + 4}}$
$NaHC{O_3} \to N{a_2}C{O_3} + C{O_2} + {H_2}O$
Some of the uses of this compound are listed below:
-It acts as an antacid which is used to treat stomach indigestions.
-It is used as a water softener in the process of washing.
-It acts as a pesticide.
-It is used in ear drops, cosmetics and many personal care products.
-It is also used in fire extinguishers.

Note:
Generally, the baking powders that are sold commercially consist of baking soda or sodium bicarbonate along with many other salts. Baking soda and baking powder both serve as leavening agents but are quite different chemically.