Question

Write about the scope of genetic engineering.

Answer 1

Genetic engineering is a process of biotechnology where the direct manipulation of an organism's gene takes place. Through this technique, the genetic makeup of cells is changed or altered and the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries can also include.

Complete step by step answer: The artificial technique of manipulation, modification, and recombination of DNA or other nucleic acid molecules for the purpose of modification of an organism or population of organisms is known as genetic engineering. It occurs through the process of genetic modification or genetic manipulation. When an organism is produced by using the technique of genetic engineering then it will be considered to be genetically modified and the resulting organism is called a genetically modified organism or GMO.
The alteration of genetic structure in genetic engineering is done by either introducing new or removing the DNA. Here, genes are taken directly from one organism and deliver it to the other organisms. It is a faster process and any gene can be inserted from any organism and also the undesirable gene can be prevented from being added. Genetic engineering has been used in several sectors for various purposes including research, medicine, industrial biotechnology, and agriculture.
Genetic engineering has a remarkable opportunity in the field of drugs, medicines, and the pharmaceuticals sector. Using gene therapy various types of diseases can be diagnosed and treated including genetic disorder. Genetic engineering can be used for the manufacturing of drugs, drug delivery systems and vaccines for various fatal diseases like Hepatitis – B, AIDS, smallpox, etc.
In the field of agriculture and animal husbandry, genetic modification can be applied to improve various crops. This technique can be used on plants and animals to improve the natural characteristics of an organism. Using this modification, the resistance varieties of crops that are resistant against damage can be developed. The high yielding varieties of seeds and crops varieties with short term cultivable period also can be produced by using gene therapy.
Genetic engineering can also be used for controlling various environmental factors like air, water, and soil pollution. In waste management, this plays a major role. Various hormones, proteins, interferons, antibodies, and other therapeutics can be produced by introducing the organism to rDNA.

Note: Genetic engineering is a technique of biotechnology where the genetic configuration of cells are changed by transferring the genes within and across species boundaries. This technique has great applications in various sectors. This genetic engineering can be used for manufacturing various drugs and medicines. It is used as an important technique to diagnose various diseases, especially genetic disorders. Using this technique, new characteristics in a plant and animals can be introduced, such as a resistance variety of plants with high nutritive values which are effective against various environmental conditions and damages can be produced.