Question

wild- rice/ Oryza Nivara helped in introducing the cultivated rice the traits of
A. High yield
B. Resistance to bacterial blight
C. Resistance to sesame disease
D. Resistance to grassy stunt viruses.

Answer 1

Hint:- Oryza Nivara is the ancestor of the rice of a breed named as Oryza sativa. The common name of Oryza Sativa is Asian rice. It belongs to the family Poaceae. It is found accumulating in swampy regions, at the horizon of ponds and tanks, beside rivers, in canals, in or around rice fields. Grow in dry habitats in shallow water up to a height of 0.3m.

Complete step-by-step solution:- In the OMAP project of the rice species being Oryza nivara is used. It refers to the AA group of the genome. Breeders are enthusiastic about this organism because it displays resistance to grassy stunt virus which also develops resistance to sheath blight. It mainly possesses 12 chromosomes and a nuclear genome of size 448 Mb.

Productivity is affected by several biotic and abiotic stress. The hereditary variability for some of these stresses is restricted in the cultivated rice germplasm. Additional improvements in biotypes of insects and disease which are a threat to improved rice production. The gene for resistance to grassy stunt pest is substituted from a genome of wild species into the rice.
The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) has utilized wild families of rice to improve seed characteristics and also provide resistance against serious insects and infections. It includes the transfer of a gene that has resistance against grassy stunt virus from the wild relative Oryza Nivara.
So the correct answer is D i.e. resistance to grassy stunt viruses.

Note:-
Rice is the essential food for many people worldwide and its creation is necessary for entire food security. The 2 important species of Oryza for human nutrition are Oryza sativa whose common name is Asian rice and another one is Oryza glaberrima whose common name is African rice. Both of the species were selected by the human based on their characteristics like yield, flavor, and water necessity.