Question

Why would information on comparative embryology be useful to show that certain bones are homologous?

Answer 1

The hypothesis that species share a shared ancestor is confirmed by embryology (in accordance to theory of evolution). Evolution theory states that not every aspect of the embryo of an ancestor is seen in its descendants. That explains why over time, embryos evolve into various organisms.

Complete answer:
The analysis of the similarity of embryos of multiple species/genera is comparative embryology since they pass through different stages of development before birth. Homologous parts are body parts that are identical in pattern, even though they are as diverse as a horse's foreleg, a bat's wing, a penguin's flipper, or a human's forearm. Comparative embryology has explicitly demonstrated that when they undergo development in their homologous sections, vertebrate embryos exhibit strong similarity.
An analysis of comparative embryology is thus very helpful in determining homology.
Comparative embryology with homologous elements is confirmation of shared origins and hence proof of evolution. In order to assess the homology of multiple body parts of animals, which are clearly very distinct from each other, comparative genomics is now being applied to the analysis.

Homologous structures give evidence of shared ancestors, while analogous structures demonstrate common ancestry. Differences between biological molecules may be used to determine the relationship between organisms (e.g., in the DNA sequence of genes).

Note: The genetics, eggs, and DNA of living things were compared by scientists to explain how they evolved. Homologous systems provide evidence for evolution. There are constructs shared by a single ancestor by similar species that were inherited. Analogous systems provide other evidence for evolution.