Question

Why is evaporation a cooling process ?

Answer 1

Only a small percentage of the molecules in a liquid have sufficient thermal energy to escape. The evaporation will continue until the liquid's evaporation equals its condensation, at which point equilibrium will be attained. A liquid will evaporate until the surrounding air is saturated in a confined setting.

Complete answer:
Evaporation is a form of evaporation that occurs on a liquid's surface when it transitions from a liquid to a gas. The evaporating material must not be soaked in the surrounding gas.
When the molecules in a liquid collide, they transmit energy to one another depending on how they collide. A molecule at the surface will escape and enter the surrounding air as a gas if it absorbs enough energy to exceed the vapour pressure. Evaporation causes evaporative cooling because the energy lost from the evaporated liquid lowers the temperature of the liquid.
Evaporation is the process of converting a liquid state to a gas in general. This procedure necessitates the use of heat energy. Evaporation is a common mechanism that produces cooling. The principle at work here is that in order to alter its condition, matter must either absorb or lose energy.
Molecules must travel from a liquid to a gaseous state, which necessitates the use of potential and kinetic energy. Energy is transmitted from the material to the surroundings or vice versa as a result of this. Cooling will result from the temperature shift until the evaporation process is completed. As a result, evaporation has a cooling impact.

Note:
The water cycle is incomplete without evaporation. Evaporation of water from seas, lakes, moisture in the soil, and other sources of water is fueled by the sun (solar energy). Evaporation and transpiration (which includes evaporation within plant stomata) are referred to as evapotranspiration in hydrology. Evaporation of water happens when the liquid's surface is exposed, enabling molecules to escape and produce water vapour, which can subsequently ascend into the atmosphere and form clouds. The liquid will convert into vapour if given enough energy.