Question

Why do we use polarized capacitors?

Answer 1

A capacitor is an electrical energy storage device that operates in an electric field. It's a two-terminal passive electrical component. Capacitance is the term used to describe the effect of a capacitor. While there is some capacitance between any two electrical conductors in close proximity in a circuit, a capacitor is a component that is specifically intended to provide capacitance to a circuit. Originally, the capacitor was known as a condenser or condenser.

Complete answer:
An electrolytic capacitor is a polarised capacitor with an anode or positive plate consisting of a metal that has been anodized to produce an insulating oxide layer. This oxide layer serves as the capacitor's dielectric. The cathode or negative plate of the capacitor is made up of a solid, liquid, or gel electrolyte that covers the surface of the oxide layer. Electrolytic capacitors offer a significantly greater capacitance-voltage (CV) product per unit volume than ceramic or film capacitors due to their relatively thin dielectric oxide layer and increased anode surface, allowing them to have much higher capacitance values.
Polarized capacitors are those that have distinct positive and negative polarities. When using these capacitors in circuits, it is important to ensure that they are linked in correct polarities. Electrolytic capacitors and supercapacitors are two forms of polarised capacitors.
The following are some examples of polarised capacitor applications:
Polarized capacitors are used in a variety of filtering systems to reduce volatility.
Polarized capacitors are used in flashlamps to store energy and to couple signals between amplifier stages.
They're commonly used in power supplies for noise filtering and decoupling.

Note:
Electrolytic capacitors' high capacitance makes them ideal for passing or bypassing low-frequency signals as well as storing huge quantities of energy. They're commonly employed in power supply and DC link circuits for variable-frequency drives, as well as for coupling signals between amplifier stages and storing energy in flashlamps.