Question

Why charge of current in a circuit flows in only one direction?

Answer 1

A stream of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, flowing through an electrical conductor or space is known as an electric current. It's the net rate of electric charge flow through a surface or into a control container that's monitored. Charge carriers are the moving particles, and depending on the conductor, they might be one of numerous sorts of particles. Electrons travelling through a wire are commonly used as charge carriers in electric circuits. They can be electrons or holes in semiconductors. Ions carry charge in an electrolyte, whereas ions and electrons carry charge in plasma, an ionised gas.

Complete step-by-step solution:
An equivalent flow of negative charges in the opposite direction produces the same electric current and has the same impact on a circuit as a flow of positive charges in the same direction. Because current can flow in either positive or negative charge carriers, or both, a convention for current direction that is independent of charge carrier type is required. The flow of positive charges is arbitrarily defined as the direction of conventional current. Negatively charged carriers, such as electrons (charge carriers in metal wires and many other electronic circuit components), travel in an electrical circuit in the opposite direction of ordinary current flow. A current can flow in one of two ways in a wire or circuit element. When creating a variable I to represent current, the positive current direction must be provided, which is generally represented by an arrow on the circuit schematic design. This is referred to as the current I's reference direction. The exact direction of current via a given circuit element is unclear until the analysis is done when evaluating electrical circuits. As a result, current reference directions are frequently allocated arbitrarily. A negative result for the current indicates that the real direction of current through that circuit element is opposite that of the reference direction when it is solved.

Note: Charges flow from the positive terminal to the negative terminal at all times. Charges are continuously flowing from greater to lower potential. As a result, current in a circuit only flows in one direction. The flow of electrons through resistors or through the vacuum in a vacuum tube, the movement of ions inside a battery or a neuron, and the flow of holes inside metals and semiconductors are all examples of different types of electric current in electronics.