Question

Who is known as the father of genetics?

Answer 1

Genetics is a branch of science which is the study of the process by which parental genes are transferred to their offspring/ child.

Complete answer:
Genetics is the study of genes, genome and cell. The father of genetics is Gregor Johann Mendel.
The reason why Gregor Mendel is known as the father of genetics is because of his remarkable work on pea plants led to the discovery of fundamental laws of inheritance. There are three basic laws in the fundamental law of inheritance,
Law of dominance
The gene is made up of two alleles and alleles exist as two types - dominant allele and recessive alleles. As per this law, in presence of the dominant allele, the recessive alleles will never get expressed. If the recessive allele needs to be expressed, then they must be present in homozygous condition.
Law of segregation
As per this law, the alleles do not blend and the two characteristics are copied all through the gamete formation. It is only homozygous and heterozygous that produces different types of gametes which have different characteristics.
Law of independent assortment
As per this law, when one or more characters are taken into consideration, the alleles undergo different types of recombination in order to produce a phenotype which is different from both the parents.

Note: Gregor Mendel conducted his experiments on Pisum sativum. He chose the plant for the following reasons,

It was easy to grow
They were easy to maintain and study
They were self pollinating
The flowers were bisexual
They had different physical characteristics which could be studied easily