Question

Who gave the distribution law?
A.Henry
B.van’t Hoff
C.Nernst’s
D.Ostwald

Answer 1

Hint: According to the distribution law if the same solute dissolves in two different solvents which are non-miscible and the solute is in the same molecular form in both the solvents, then it will have a generalization of distribution in the two non-miscible solvents.

Step-by-step explanation:
Step 1:
If ${C_1}$is the concentration of solute X in solvent A and ${C_2}$ is the concentration of solute X in solvent B, then as per the distribution law given by Nernst known as the Nernst’s Distribution law, $\dfrac{{{C_1}}}{{{C_2}}} = {K_d}$where ${K_d}$is known as the distribution coefficient or partition coefficient. This law is only valid until the solute is in the same molecular form in both the solvents. If there is an association or dissociation of the solute in the solvent then the law is modified as $\dfrac{{{C_1}(inallforms)}}{{{C_2}(inallforms)}} = D$ where Did the distribution factor.
Step 2:
Henry’s law is a type of gas law which states that the amount of dissolved gas in a liquid is proportional to its partial pressure above the liquid.
Step 3:
According to van’t Hoff law, the osmotic pressure of a solution is equal to the product of its temperature, ideal gas constant, and its solute concentration.
Step 4:
According to Ostwald’s dilution law, at infinite dilution, the weak electrolyte undergoes complete ionization.

Hence, the distribution law was given by Nernst, and option (c) is the correct option.

Note: In the Nernst’s distribution law the distribution factor and distribution coefficient are two different identities. The distribution coefficient is applicable when the solute is in the same molecular form in both the liquids. Sometimes the solute can get associated or dissociated in either of the solvents then the term distribution coefficient changes to distribution factor.