Question

Who discovered stomata?

Answer 1

The tiny openings located on the epidermis of leaves are known as stomata. Stomata can be seen under a light microscope. Stomata can be found on stems and other parts of plants in some species. Stomata are important for gaseous exchange and photosynthesis.

Complete answer:

The stomata was discovered by Julien Joseph Vesque.

- Stoma forms are classified in a variety of ways. One of the most commonly used is based on Julien Joseph Vesque's models in 1889, which were developed further by Metcalfe and Chalk and later supplemented by other writers. The scale, shape, and structure of the subsidiary cells that surround the two guard cells determine this.

- Stomata appear in land plants by the middle of the Silurian period, but there is little evidence of their evolution in the fossil record. They may have evolved from plants' algae-like ancestors by changing conceptacles.

- Except for liverworts, all land plant groups have stomata in the sporophyte generation. Stomata vary greatly in number, scale, and distribution in vascular plants. The lower surface of dicotyledon leaves normally has more stomata than the upper surface. On both leaf surfaces, monocotyledons like onion, oat, and maize can have about the same number of stomata.

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Note:

- Stomata are open in the day and closed at night and they need carbon in the daylight for photosynthesis.

- When water is scarce, plant wilts and guard cells become flaccid. Abscisic acid is a plant hormone that causes $K^+$ to pass out of cells and guard cells to become flaccid.

- To see individual stomata on plant leaves, most people use a 400x compound microscope. At magnifications of 50-100x, stomata can be seen as tiny white dots on the underside of a leaf, but you won't be able to do actual stomatal counts or see individual stomata.