Question

Which type of variation is inherited?
A. Somatic variation
B. Germinal variation
C. Both
D. None

Answer 1

Through sexual reproduction offspring are produced that are not completely similar to their parents but slightly different. These differences are called variations. These variations are passed on to the next generation through sexual reproduction. These variations are caused at the genetic level.

Complete answer:
Variations are a characteristic feature of sexual reproduction. During sexual reproduction gametes (haploid cells) are produced from both parents and fused by fertilization. Gametes are produced in the genital organs through meiosis. During meiosis crossing over takes place and daughter cells that are different from the mother cells produced.
By fusion of these gametes, the zygote is made and develops. This represents the next generation which is different from both of his parents and these variations are caused due to germ cells so these are called germinal variations. These are further transmitted to the next generation again through sexual reproduction that’s why it is said that germinal variations are inherited.
Somatic variations are produced in somatic cells. This can be caused due to any kind of change in the genetic material of somatic cells. It can be caused due to mutation. Somatic cells do not participate in gamete formation. During sexual reproduction, only gametes are involved to form a zygote. So variations in somatic cells cannot reach the next generation. So these are not inherited.
Scientist Weismann has given a concept of germplasm and somatoplasm. Somatoplasm is found in somatic cells that cannot enter in germ cells. Germplasm is found in the germ cell that is passed on to the next generation.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.

Note: Scientist Weismann performed an experiment and first of all told about the differences between somatic and germinal variations. He cut the tails of mice over many generations and not even a single mouse was produced without a tail. So it was clear that somatic variations are not inherited.