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Question: Which substance has the lowest boiling point? A. \(C{H_3}C{H_2}C{H_2}C{H_2}OC{H_3}\) B. \(C{H_3}...

Which substance has the lowest boiling point?
A. CH3CH2CH2CH2OCH3C{H_3}C{H_2}C{H_2}C{H_2}OC{H_3}
B. CH3CH2OCH2CH3C{H_3}C{H_2}OC{H_2}C{H_3}
C. CH3CH2CH2CH3C{H_3}C{H_2}C{H_2}C{H_3}
D. CH3CH2C=OCH3C{H_3}C{H_2}C = OC{H_3}

Explanation

Solution

To know the exact substance among all the options that has the lowest boiling point, we have to check the properties and the number of carbon atoms in each option separately. And then we can only judge the exact substance.

Complete step by step answer:
CH3CH2CH2CH3C{H_3}C{H_2}C{H_2}C{H_3} has the lowest boiling point as it has the least number of C−atomsC - atoms making it the lowest molecular weight.
In option(A.), CH3CH2CH2CH2OCH3C{H_3}C{H_2}C{H_2}C{H_2}OC{H_3} : the boiling point is high because you have an oxygen right in the middle of your carbon chain thus breaking up the chain and lowering the boiling point.
In option(B.), CH3CH2OCH2CH3C{H_3}C{H_2}OC{H_2}C{H_3} : The boiling point of diethyl ether, CH3CH2OCH2CH3C{H_3}C{H_2}OC{H_2}C{H_3} , is 34.50∘C{34.50^\circ }C .
In option(C.), CH3CH2CH2CH3C{H_3}C{H_2}C{H_2}C{H_3} has the lowest boiling point as it has the least number of C−atomsC - atoms making it the lowest molecular weight.
A molecule containing one carbon atom will be expected to have an M+1M + 1 peak of approximately 1.1%1.1\% of the size of the MM peak, as 1.1%1.1\% of the molecules will have a 13 CC rather than a 12 CC . Similarly, a molecule containing two carbon atoms will be expected to have an M+1 peak of approximately 2.2%2.2\% of the size of the MM peak, as there is double the previous likelihood that any molecule will contain a 13 CC atom.
When the least number of carbon atoms in any compound, that means the bond between the carbon atoms is not so strong or we can call the weak bond, so there is the lowest boiling point needed for the least carbon-atoms compound.
Hence, the correct option is (C.) CH3CH2CH2CH3C{H_3}C{H_2}C{H_2}C{H_3} .

Note: Carbon is a strict octet follower, which means it needs a maximum of 8 electrons to form stable compounds. Since a carbon atom has 4 valence electrons, it can form up to 4 bonds with different elements. Part of the reason why there are millions of compounds of carbon is its ability to form a very stable bond with another carbon atom.