Question

Which statement is incorrect?
A. pH scale was represented by S.P.L Sorensen
B. pH scale ranges between 0-14
C. pH scale is applicable to only non-aqueous solutions
D. pH scale is applicable to only aqueous solutions

Answer 1

. pH denotes the power of hydrogen or potential of hydrogen. It is generally a scale used to find out the acidity or basicity. Acidic solutions are those solutions which have higher concentrations of ${{H}^{+}}$ ions that are measured to have lower pH values than basic or alkaline solutions.

Complete step by step answer:
The pH scale is defined as logarithmic and inversely indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution. The formula used to calculate pH is approximately equal to the negative of the base 10 logarithm of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution. In other ways we can say that pH is the negative of the base 10 logarithm of the activity of the ${{H}^{+}}$ ion .
The concept of pH was first introduced in 1909 by the Danish chemist Soren Peder Lauritz Sorensen i.e. S.P.L. Sorenson at the Carlsberg Laboratory. Hence the first statement is true.
Solutions having pH value less than 7 are acidic in nature and solutions with a pH greater than 7 are basic in nature while solutions with a pH of 7 are neutral in nature for example pure or distilled water. The pH value can be less than 0 for very strong acids or greater than 14 for very strong bases but it is always in the range of 0-14 thus statement B is also true.
pH scale is used to specify the acidity or basicity of only aqueous solutions hence statement D is correct.
So, the correct answer is “Option C”.

Note: To measure pH value indicators are used by making use of such indicators we observe the color changes with pH. Visual comparison of the color of a test solution with a standard color chart provides a means to measure pH accurate to the nearest whole number. Rather than this trip of pH we use other techniques of spectrophotometrically by using a colorimeter or spectrophotometer.