Question

Which scientist discovered neutron
a) Thomson
b) Rutherford
c) Niels Bohr
d) James Chadwick

Answer 1

The neutron is a subatomic particle with a mass slightly higher than that of a proton and a neutral charge (no positive or negative charge). Atomic nuclei are made up of protons and neutrons. Protons and neutrons are both referred to as nucleons because they function similarly within the nucleus and each have a mass of about one atomic mass unit. Nuclear physics describes their characteristics and interactions.

Complete answer:
The arrangement of electrons orbiting the atom's hefty nucleus determines most of an atom's chemical characteristics. The charge of the nucleus, which is determined by the amount of protons, or atomic number, determines the electron configuration. The neutron number is the total amount of neutrons. The electron configuration is unaffected by neutrons, while the nucleus' mass is determined by the sum of atomic and neutron numbers.
James Chadwick, a scientist, conducted an experiment in which he blasted Beryllium with alpha particles produced by Polonium's natural radioactive disintegration in 1932. The radiation that resulted had a high penetration through a lead shield, which could not be explained by the particles available at the time. Chadwick's interpretation issues vanished fairly simply with the assumption of an uncharged (neutral) particle of roughly the same mass as a proton. As a result, his findings could be explained using established natural principles, particularly in terms of energy and momentum conservation.
Later experiments have verified the result, which is particularly noteworthy in light of Meitner, Hahn, and Strassmann's Christmas 1938 discovery of nuclear fission.
Option (d) is correct.

Note:
Both the atomic and neutron numbers influence the characteristics of an atomic nucleus. The long-range electromagnetic force repels protons within the nucleus due to their positive charge, whereas the considerably stronger, but short-range nuclear force bonds the nucleons together tightly. With the exception of the single-proton hydrogen nucleus, nuclei require neutrons for stability.