Question

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
A. Vit-${B_{12}}$- Pernicious anemia
B. Vit-${B_6}$- Loss of appetite
C. Vit-${B_1}$- Beri- beri
D. Vit-${B_2}$- Pellagra

Answer 1

Vitamins are organic molecules that are required by the human body for the normal functioning of the human body and for the normal functioning of the metabolism. It can’t be synthesized by the human body and is therefore to be supplied from the diet.

Complete answer:
1. Pernicious anemia: It is an anemic condition in which enough RBCs are not produced due to the deficiency of Vit ${B_{12}}$. It is due to the fact that RBC production requires Vit ${B_{12}}$. Deficiency is caused because the absorption Vit ${B_{12}}$ requires a protein called intrinsic factor for its absorption. Parietal cells of the stomach lining produce the intrinsic factor.
2. Vitamin B6 deficiency can be caused due to protein-energy undernutrition, malabsorption, alcoholism, etc. Its symptoms include dermatitis, retarded growth, hair loss, greying of hair, loss of appetite, microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, cheilosis, depression, confusion, etc.
3. Beriberi: It is a thiamine (${B_1}$) deficiency and is of two types: Wet beriberi and dry beriberi. It is essential for repair and growth of tissues. It also acts as thiamine pyrophosphate in Krebs cycle. Its deficiency in alcoholics causes Wernicke’s syndrome and Korskoff’s syndrome.
4. Pellagra: Vitamin ${B_3}$ which is also called Niacin, acts as NAD and NADP in the Krebs cycle. Its deficiency causes symptoms like inflamed skin, sores in the mouth, dementia, diarrhea, etc

Therefore, the correct answer is (D) Vit-${B_2}$- Pellagra

Note:
- Vitamins are broadly classified into water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins.
- Water-soluble vitamins are vitamin ${B_1}$ (Thiamine), vitamin ${B_2}$ (Riboflavin), vitamin ${B_3}$ (Niacin), vitamin ${B_5}$ (Pantothenic acid), vitamin ${B_6}$ (Pyridoxine), vitamin ${B_7}$ (Biotin), vitamin ${B_{10}}$ (folic acid), vitamin ${B_{12}}$ (Cobalamin), vitamin ${B_{17}}$ (Laetrile), and vitamin C (Ascorbic acid).
- Fat-soluble vitamins are vitamin A (Retinol), Vitamin D (Calciferol), Vitamin E (Tocopherol), and vitamin K.