Question

Which one of the following is not the result of surface tension?
(A) Vapour formation above the liquid surface.
(B) Convex shape of liquid meniscus.
(C) Liquid rising capillary.
(D) Spherical shape of mercury fallen on the floor.

Answer 1

Hint : We know that the surface tension is a quantity that does not have any particular direction and it is called a scalar and it depends on the force acting on the surface per unit length. Here we need not consider the direction of the length taken. Just keep in mind that surface tension enables the material to get into the least surface area possible whereas viscosity restricts the motion of liquid particles by enabling force of friction between the particles.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Let us first define the surface tension. Surface tension is defined as the property of fluids to get into the minimum surface area possible. As we all know, liquid tends to acquire the least surface area possible. As we know, it depends upon the force of attraction between the liquids. Also, it depends on the force of attraction of solid, liquid, or gas. Now, as we know, the surface tension of different particles will be different. Therefore, when camphor is placed in water, its impurities are dissolved in water. So, the surface tension of water decreases.
Surface tension is the phenomenon that occurs at the molecular level. It is the force per unit length by which the bulk of the liquid attracts the surface molecules and makes them occupy the minimum surface area. Hence we have understood that surface tension is a molecular phenomenon. Surface tension is the tendency of the fluid to arrange itself into a shape of minimum possible surface area. For example, we have seen the rain droplets always in the shape of the sphere which is because of the surface tension. The sphere is the shape that has the least possible surface area. Another example is that when we see a thermometer broken the mercury drops will have a curved edge when it comes in contact with the ground.
This is due to the highest surface tension of the Mercury Surface tension is the phenomenon that occurs when the surface of a liquid is in contact with another phase (it can be a liquid as well). Liquids tend to acquire the least surface area possible. The surface of the liquid behaves like an elastic sheet. The surface tension is the elastic tendency of liquids which make them acquire the least surface area possible. Examples will be the convex shape of liquid meniscus, rise of liquid is capillary, spherical shape of mercury fallen on the floor.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Additional Information:
Surface tension and viscosity are dependent on molecular interactions. Surface tension is the difference of interactions between the molecules of the fluid with the molecules of the fluid material in contact whereas viscosity occurs due to the collaboration among molecules of the identical molecules located in the fluid. A liquid surface comes at rest after stopping due to viscosity. As viscosity is the measure of the resistance of the flow of fluid. Fluids with large viscosity resist the motion as the molecules enable the force of friction.

Note :
Remember that the surface tension is dependent on the force and length and immediately one may think it is a vector quantity because of the force. But it is not, one has to understand that surface tension is dependent on the magnitude of the force and not on the direction of the force.