Question

Which one of the following is correctly matched?
A. Passive transport of nutrients-ATP
B. Apoplast-Plasmodesmata
C. Potassium-Readily immobilisation
D. Bakane of rice seedlings- F. Skoog

Answer 1

Passive transport is defined as movement of ions or molecular substances across cell membranes without any requirement of energy input and unlike active transport, it does not need cellular energy in starting as it is due to the tendency of the system to grow in entropy.

Complete answer:
You should know, in a plant inside, the apoplast is known as the space outside of the plasma membrane where material can diffuse freely and is interrupted by the Casparian strip / band in roots, by the air spaces present between plant cells and by cuticle of plant. Immobilization/ fixation of a nutrient means that the nutrient is not available for plants. The conversion of exchangeable or water-soluble potassium into its non-exchange (or water insoluble) form is called potassium immobilisation. Potassium is generally present in relatively huge quantities in soil and depending on the circumstances, soil potassium maybe is not easily available, slowly available or readily or easily available.
Remember, the Active transport of nutrients needs ATP Symplast that includes translocation through plasmodesmata.
On the other hand, Bakanae disease of rice- was found or given by Hori in 1918, to be caused due to Gibberella fujikuroi.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Additional information:
Bakanae also referred to as foolish seedling disease of rice is caused by the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi and the diseased plants are often conspicuous in a field due to their extreme height and pale, spindly appearance.

Note: Passive transport does not require any energy input, like in diffusion- the movement of molecules from space of high concentration to a space of low concentration. Remember, the Carrier proteins and also channel proteins help in facilitated diffusion.