Question

Which one of the following doesn’t the plant cell have ?
A. Cell wall
B. Vacuole
C. Centriole
D. Chloroplast

Answer 1

A plant and an animal cell vary from each other in many ways. It was Schwann (zoologist) who gave the first difference that a plant cell has a cell wall and that it is not present in an animal cell. Schielden (botanist) and Schwann together formulated the cell theory and told that organisms are made of cells and its products.

Complete answer:
- Cell wall: It is the characteristic of all plant cells. Though in different cells it is made of different components. In plants it is made of cellulose, of peptidoglycan in bacteria, of silica in diatoms, of chitin in fungi and of cellulose, galactans, mannans in algae. So, option (a) is incorrect.
- Vacuole: It is another feature of plant cells. It is a large single membrane organelle which occupies a central [position in the plant cell. It contains materials not useful for cells. Option (b) is incorrect.
- Centriole: It is a hollow cylindrical membrane-less organelle present in animal cells and absent in plant cells. It helps in the formation of spindle formation during cell division and also forms the basal granule that gives rise to flagella. Option (c) is correct.
- Chloroplast: It is a type of plastid found in plant cells that contain chlorophyll and other carotenoid pigments which are responsible for trapping the light energy for photosynthesis. The no. and shape of chloroplast vary in different cells. Option (d) is incorrect.
Hence, the correct answer is (c).

Note: Other features that are differ in plant and animal cell:
Plant cell has a definite shape due to the presence of a cell wall. Cell plate formation occurs by phragmoplast (Golgi bodies and endoplasmic reticulum) during cytokinesis and the stored food material is starch. Animal cells show presence of lysosomes and the shape of animal cells is small and not defined, cytokinesis occurs by furrow formation and the stored food material is glycogen.