Question

Which one is the major constituent of proteins, nucleic acids, vitamins, and hormones?
A)P
B)N
C)K
D)S

Answer 1

Several functions are performed by the essential elements and participate in different metabolic processes in the plant-like maintaining the osmotic concentration of cell sap, in the electron transport systems, maintaining the permeability of a cell membrane. Also play an important role in the buffering actions, enzymatic activity, and as the main constituent of macromolecules and coenzymes.

Complete answer:
-The essential elements which are required by the plants in a very high amount is Nitrogen which is generally absorbed as ${ NO }_{ 3 }^{ - }$ while some are also observed as ${ NO }_{ 2 }^{ - }$ or ${ NH }_{ 4 }^{ + }$.
-Particularly the meristematic tissue and the metabolically active cells require nitrogen but mainly required by all parts of a plant.
-It has main constituents that include proteins, nucleic acids, vitamins, and hormones.

Additional Information: Phosphorus: Soil provides the phosphorus in the form of phosphate ions (either as ${ H }_{ 2 }{ PO }_{ 4 }^{ - }$ or ${ H }{ PO }_{ 4 }^{ 2- }$) which is absorbed by the plants.
It has the main constituents that include cell membranes, certain proteins, all nucleic acids, and nucleotides which are essential for the phosphorylation reactions.
Potassium: It is absorbed as a potassium ion (${ K }^{ + }$ ) and is essential for all the plants in the most sufficient quantity for the meristematic tissues, buds, leaves, and root tips.
The balance of anion-cation is achieved with the presence of potassium. It is also involved in the process of protein synthesis, opening, and closing of stomata, activating enzymes, and maintaining the turgidity of cells.
Sulfur: Sulphate(${ SO }_{ 4 }^{ 2- }$) is the main source that provides sulfur to the plants. There are two amino acids – cysteine and methionine that have sulfur in them.
Apart from this, it is one of the main constituents of several coenzymes, vitamins (thiamine, biotin, Coenzyme A), and ferredoxin.

So, the correct answer is, “N”.

Note: Source: Soil is the main source of nitrogen for all the green plants. Nitrogen is mainly absorbed in the form of nitrate ions in the plants and sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, and calcium nitrate are a few of the major sources of nitrate ions.
Functions: Nitrogen being an integral constituent of proteins, nucleic acids, vitamins, and many other organic molecules as chlorophyll. It is also present in various hormones, coenzymes, and ATP, etc, and plays a crucial role in protein synthesis, respiration, growth, and in almost all metabolic reactions.