Question

Which one is believed to be plant lysosome?
A. Glyoxysome
B. Sphaerosome
C. Peroxisome
D. Vacuole

Answer 1

Membrane-bounded organelles present in animal and plant cells are lysosomes. They vary in form, size and number per cell and tend to function in yeast, higher plant and mammal cells with minor variations. Lysosomes lead to a facility for dismantling and recycling. They assist from outside the cell with degrading material and from inside the cell with life-expired materials.

Complete Answer:
- Structures called "vacuoles" include plant cells (also yeast and fungi) that have several functions. To sustain the pressure that makes the plant rigid and upright ("turgor"), the most popular one is holding water, so vacuoles are often considered in that sense.
- But there are other features, one of which is the role of the plant/yeast/fungi cell itself ('autophagy') in enzymatic breakdown and self-destruction. That is a feature that is "lysosomal" or "lytic."
- Within the cytoplasm of a cell, vacuoles are membrane-bound sacs that function in many distinct ways.In mature plant cells, vacuoles tend to be very large and are as well as serving functions such as storage, waste disposal, security and development, it is important to provide structural support.
- There is a huge, single central vacuole in many plant cells that usually takes up most of the room in the cell (80 percent or more).
- A membrane called the tonoplast, an essential and highly integrated part of the plant inner membrane network (endomembrane) system, is enclosed by the central vacuole in plant cells.
- The central vacuole stores salts, minerals, nutrients, proteins, pigments, helps in plant development and plays a significant structural role for the plant, among its roles in plant cell function. The vacuoles are filled with water under optimum conditions, to the extent where they exert considerable pressure against the cell wall.
- This, along with the support from the cell wall, helps preserve the structural integrity of the plant and allows the plant cell to grow much larger without having to metabolise a new cytoplasm. The structural significance of the vacuole of the plant is connected to its capacity to regulate turgor strain.
- The pressure of Turgor determines the cell's rigidity and is related to the difference between the osmotic pressure inside and outside the cell. The pressure needed to prevent fluid diffusion through a semipermeable membrane separating two solutions containing different concentrations of solvent molecules is osmotic pressure. A prime example of the significance of turgor pressure is the response of plant cells to water.

The correct Answer is option (D) Vacuole.

Note: In their role in molecular degradation and storage, plant vacuoles are also important. Often these functions are performed by multiple vacuoles in the same cell, one serving as a material breakdown compartment (similar to lysosomes found in animal cells) and another serving as a storage compartment for nutrients, waste products or other substances. Many of the materials typically contained in plant vacuoles, such as morphine, rubber, and garlic flavouring, have been found to be useful for humans and are readily available.