Question

Which of the following vitamins is water soluble?
A. Vitamin B
B. Vitamin E
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin A

Answer 1

We know that the essential nutrients that are required for the body to work well and stay healthy are known as vitamins. Vitamins are required for aiding all the reactions that are carried out in the body. Vitamins are not synthesized inside the human body and thus, it is necessary to include vitamins in our diet. The vitamins are obtained from the food that we eat or from the vitamin supplements.

Complete step by step solution:
Vitamins help the body to carry out different functions such as boosting and strengthening the immune system, repairing and maintaining the cells, tissues and organs.
Vitamins help in converting food into energy which is required for the body to perform work.
We know that there are many types of vitamin B. All the vitamins ${{\text{B}}_{\text{1}}}$, ${{\text{B}}_2}$, ${{\text{B}}_{12}}$ and ${{\text{B}}_6}$ are water soluble vitamins. Being water soluble these are readily excreted through urine. These vitamins are not toxic to the human body. They cannot be stored in the body.
Thus, vitamin B is water soluble.
Structures of all the vitamins ${{\text{B}}_{\text{1}}}$, ${{\text{B}}_{\text{2}}}$, ${{\text{B}}_{{\text{12}}}}$ and ${{\text{B}}_{\text{6}}}$ contain rings that contain hetero atoms. Thus, they have heterocyclic structures.
Thus, the water soluble vitamin is vitamin B.

**Thus, the correct option is A. vitamin B.

Additional Information:**
The deficiency of various vitamins can lead to different diseases.
1. Vitamin ${{\text{B}}_{\text{1}}}$ is also known as thiamine. The sources of vitamin ${{\text{B}}_{\text{1}}}$ are rice, wheat, meat and green vegetables. Disease caused due to the deficiency of vitamin ${{\text{B}}_{\text{1}}}$ is beri beri.
2. Vitamin ${{\text{B}}_{\text{2}}}$ is also known as riboflavin. The sources of vitamin ${{\text{B}}_{\text{2}}}$ are egg yolk, fish and yeast. Diseases caused due to the deficiency of vitamin ${{\text{B}}_{\text{2}}}$ are inflammation of tongue, drying of lips at corners of mouth.
3. The sources of vitamin ${{\text{B}}_{{\text{12}}}}$ are egg, curd, fish, pig liver, and sheep. Diseases caused due to the deficiency of vitamin ${{\text{B}}_{{\text{12}}}}$ are degradation of spinal cord.
4. Vitamin ${{\text{B}}_{\text{6}}}$ is a mixture of pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyridoxamine. The sources of vitamin ${{\text{B}}_{\text{6}}}$ are wheat, fish, maize, milk, cereals, and yeast. Diseases caused due to the deficiency of vitamin ${{\text{B}}_{\text{6}}}$ are failure to gain weight, mental changes, derangement of enzymes that control metabolism of carbohydrates.

Note:
Vitamins perform many essential functions in our body and are required in adequate amounts for proper body functioning. Vitamins are not synthesized in our body and should be included in the diet.