Question

Which of the following statements is not correct?
A. The cerebellum helps in maintaining posture and balance of the human body.
B. 35 pairs of nerves arise from the spinal cord.
C. The thyroid gland can enlarge due to a lack of thyroxine.
D. Auditory receptors detect sound.

Answer 1

The cerebellum is a major part of the brain that helps in coordinating the body. It functions to provide balance to the body. The spinal cord is a long tubular part of the central nervous system. It consists of spinal nerves. A spinal nerve is any nerve that constitutes 31 pairs of spinal nerves. The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland present in the neck and is responsible for the production of thyroid hormone. Auditory receptors are cilia present in the ear that sense sound.

Complete answer: To answer this question let us first understand each of the statements given above.
-Option A says that Cerebellum helps in maintaining the posture and balance of the human body. The cerebellum is part of the hindbrain. It is present behind the cerebrum at the end of the brain. Any complication in the cerebellum causes dysfunction in the motor skills of the humans on the same side of the damage. Also, persons suffering cerebellar damage experience difficulty in maintaining posture and are unable to have uninterrupted gait. So, it is evident from its damage that the cerebellum helps in maintaining posture and balance in the human body. Thus, this statement is correct.
-Option B states that 35 pairs of nerves arise from the spinal cord. The spinal cord is the continuation of the brainstem of the brain. It is a tubular structure that consists of various spinal nerves. It is made up of 31 segments. Each segment gives rise to a pair of spinal nerves involving one sensory and one motor nerve. Therefore, the spinal nerves are 31 in number, not 35. So, this statement is incorrect.
-Option C says that the Thyroid gland can enlarge due to lack of thyroxine. The thyroid gland is the largest exocrine gland that lies in front of the trachea in the neck. It produces two main hormones. One of the main hormones is thyroxine. Deficiency of thyroxine leads to hypothyroidism that can lead to Goiter. It is a condition that leads to swelling of the thyroid gland. So, this statement is correct.
-Option D states that auditory receptors in the ear detect sound. The inner ear consists of the cochlea that further contains cilia or hair-like sensory structures. These hairs have sensory nerve endings that detect the sound. Different frequencies are detected by different places in the cochlea. Thus, this statement is also correct.
Hence, option B is the right answer.

Note: It should be known that the central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. These two work in coordination to maintain the proper functioning of the body. Any damage to these systems can lead to disorders and diseases.