Question

Which of the following statements is/are correct?
This question has multiple correct options
A.The IUPAC name of amyl alcohol is pentanol
B.The IUPAC name of isoamyl alcohol is $3-$ methyl butanol
C.Wood spirit is methanol
D.Methyl alcohol is called carbinol.

Answer 1

-When a molecule contains only one functional group, and is not present at the first position, it is necessary to specify the position of that functional group by using the number of the carbon, in which the functional group is attached.
-The suffix –ol, indicates that the compound must contain an alcoholic group.

Complete step by step answer:
IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. IUPAC naming of organic compounds is a systematic naming, by using certain specific rules. These rules are listed below.
First we identify the carbon chain which is the longest. This longest carbon chain is termed as the parent chain.
Next we identify all of the substituents, which are attached to that carbon chain through bonds. We call it functional groups.
Now we number the carbons of the parent chain that is the longest chain, from the end which gives the lowest numbers to the substituents. If two or more side chains are present at equivalent positions, assign the lowest number according to the alphabetical order, as in the substituent whose name comes up first alphabetically, will be numbered first.
If the same substituent comes up more than once, we are supposed to write the location of each point on which the substituent is attached. Also, we are supposed to write the number of times the substituent group is coming up, by a prefix (di, tri, tetra, etc.).
If there are two or more than two different substituent groups they should be listed in an alphabetical order using the name of the base. The prefixes such as sec- and tert- are not used in determining the alphabetical order except for the case when they are compared with each other.
Chemical formula of amyl alcohol is $C{{H}_{3}}C{{H}_{2}}C{{H}_{2}}C{{H}_{2}}C{{H}_{2}}OH$, and the IUPAC name of this compound is pentanol. So the first statement would be considered appropriate and true. The chemical formula of isoamyl alcohol is $C{{H}_{3}}C{{H}_{2}}(C{{H}_{3}})C{{H}_{2}}C{{H}_{2}}OH$, and the IUPAC name of this compound is $3-$ methyl butanol, hence this statement is also true.
If we consider the third option, The chemical formula of wood spirit is $C{{H}_{3}}OH$ which has the chemical name methanol. The methanol is called wood spirit due to the fact that it can be produced as one of the by-products of the wood distillation. So the option C is also true
If we consider the next option, the methyl alcohol has the formula, $C{{H}_{3}}OH$, which has another name carbinol. Hence this option is correct.
So, all the options, A, B, C, and D are true, so all the options are correct.

Note: While naming any compound according to the IUPAC nomenclature, the position of the functional group should always be indicated if there are more than one, or the one functional group is substituted in a position other than one, in the carbon chain.
-Since amyl alcohol has only one alcoholic group at the end of the carbon chain, so it is not necessary to specify the position of the hydroxyl group, hence pentanol is the appropriate name.