Question

Which of the following sets of syndromes shows 47 chromosomes in their genetic makeup?
A. Turner’s syndrome, Edward’s syndrome, Klinefelter's syndrome
B. Klinefelter's syndrome, Turner’s syndrome, Patau’s syndrome
C. Down’s syndrome, Patau’s syndrome, Edward’s syndrome
D. All the above

Answer 1

The genetic disorder can lead to developmental delays and changes the genetic makeup of an organism. It is usually caused by an extra copy of the chromosome in the cells at a particular location.

Complete answer: Down’s syndrome is a genetic syndrome that is caused by abnormal cell division in an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21. This extra genetic material causes changes in developmental features and physical changes. Patau’s syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality in which all the cells or some cells contain extra chromosomal material at chromosome 13. The extra genetic material disrupts normal development, which can lead to multiple organ defects. Lastly, Edwards syndrome or trisomy E is a genetic disorder that is caused by the extra chromosomal material at ${18^{th}}$ chromosome. Most of the people with this syndrome die in the early fetal stages. People who survive experience serious side effects and usually live for a shorter period. Chromosomal disorders result due to non-secondary disjunction that occurs at the time of cell division, i.e. the chromosomes are not properly separated and one of the newly formed cells gets an extra copy.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.

Note: These are disorders that cause an increase in the chromosome number. It is also known as trisomy. Down's syndrome is known as trisomy 21 to T21. Edward’s syndrome is also known as trisomy 18 or T18 and Patau’s syndrome is also known as trisomy 13 or T13.