Question

Which of the following set of structures includes only analogous organs?
A. Hind legs of horse, grasshopper, and bat.
B. Hands of man, monkey, and kangaroo.
C. Mandibles of cockroach, mosquito, and honeybee.
D. Wings of butterfly, housefly, and bat.

Answer 1

There are two types of organs - Homologous and Analogous. Analogous organs are those organs that are similar in function but have a different origin. They have different structures but similar functions.

Complete step by step answer: Analogous organs are the organs of living creatures that have a different structure but a similar function. One such example of analogous organs is the wings of butterfly, housefly, and bat.
-The wings of a bird and of an insect are the perfect example of analogous organs. Both the species have wings that they use for flying and yet their wings come from different ancestral origins. The popular theory as to the evolutionary origin of birds is the Theropod dinosaurs, specifically, members of Maniraptora.
-As for the insects, the evolutionary origin remains obscure but insect flight evolved remains unclear. One theory, the Paranotal hypothesis, suggests that their wings developed from the paranotal lobes of the thoracic terga.
-Based on phylogenomic analyses, winged insects possibly evolved from a terrestrial rather than from an aquatic ancestor.
A few other examples of analogous organs include –
1. Complex eyes of the vertebrates, cephalopods, and arthropods.
2. Similar shells of brachiopods and bivalve mollusks.
3. The plant hormones gibberellin and abscisic acid.
Hence, the correct option is D.

Note: Homologous organs are those organs of the living creatures that have a similar structure but different function. These organs have the same origin. One common example of homologous organs can be the arm of a human, the wings of a bird, the leg of a dog, and the flipper of a dolphin. All the mentioned organs have different functions but are similar in origin and function.