Question

Which of the following represents hydrolysis?
(A) $\overset{\oplus }{\mathop N}\,{{H}_{4}}+2{{H}_{2}}O \leftrightharpoons N{{H}_{4}}OH+{{H}_{3}}{{O}^{\oplus }}$
(B) $\overset{\oplus }{\mathop N}\,{{H}_{4}}+{{H}_{2}}O \leftrightharpoons N{{H}_{3}}+{{H}_{3}}{{O}^{\oplus }}$
(C) $HCO_{3}^{\Theta }+{{H}_{2}}O\leftrightharpoons{{H}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}+\overset{\Theta }{\mathop OH}\,$
(D) $HCO_{3}^{\Theta }+{{H}_{2}}O\leftrightharpoons{{H}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}+{{H}_{3}}{{O}^{\oplus }}$

Answer 1

From the word hydrolysis we can understand that the question is talking about the water means the addition of water or reaction with water.

Complete step by step solution:

We know that hydrolysis reactions use water to break down polymers into monomers and this is opposite to dehydration synthesis, which forms water when synthesizing a polymer from monomers. Hydrolysis reactions break bonds and release energy.
Examples of hydrolysis: Sodium acetate is a type of salt. When water is added to sodium acetate, the chemical bonds break down, causing it to separate into sodium ions and acetate ions. Then acetate ions in the water then combine with hydrogen atoms to create an acid called acetic acid.
Salts are strong electrolytes when dissolved in water (polar), they dissociate almost completely into cation or anions. If cation interacts with water it is called cationic hydrolysis.
If anion interacts with water it is called anionic hydrolysis. The phenomenon of the interaction of anions and cations of the salt with H+ and OH− ions furnished by water yielding acidic or alkaline solution is known as salt hydrolysis.

From the definition of hydrolysis that it breaks the compound the option “D” is the correct option

Note: Hydrolysis is widely used in industry to break down chemicals into smaller fractions. For example, when organophosphate ester undergoes a hydrolysis reaction then this hydrolysis aids in the production of insect killers and pesticide sprays.