Question

Which of the following plants are used as green manure in crop fields and in sandy soils?
(a) Crotalaria juncea and Alhagi camelorum
(b) Calotropis procera and Phyllanthus niruri
(c) Saccharum munja and Lantana camara
(d) Dichanthum annulatum and Acacia nilotica

Answer 1

It is presently generally developed all through the tropics and subtropics as a wellspring of green compost, fodder, and lignified fiber from its stem. Sunn hemp is additionally being checked out as a possible bio-fuel. It is often an invasive weed and has been listed as a noxious weed in some jurisdictions

Complete answer:
Green manure is made by leaving evacuated or mown yield parts to wilt on a field altogether so that they work a mulch and soil correction.
Crotalaria juncea (sunn hemp) and Alhagi camelorum, which are utilized as compost in sandy soils and it belongs to the Leguminosae or Papilionaceae family and is among the plants.
Crotalaria juncea may be a source of manure and lignified fiber is obtained from its stem.

Additional information: Cultivated soil high in copper levels has proven to be effective in increasing the expansion of Crotalaria juncea. Notwithstanding, an overabundance of copper in plant tissues has shown the capability of influencing both physiological and biochemical cycles including photosynthesis. Poisonousness coming about because of unreasonable copper has likewise brought about adjusted impacts that have been found to influence the cellular and molecular level of the plant. Excessive copper levels can eventually bring about the exhaustion of important nutrients. This supplement lack happens when the corporations of copper with sulfhydryl gatherings of enzymes and proteins hinder enzyme activity or result in changes in the structure of substitution of key components. The structures of chloroplasts are suffering from the surplus of copper, which ultimately resulted in decreased pigmentation levels of Crotalaria juncea. There are, however, studies that have indicated that Crotalaria juncea features a high tolerance to copper concentrations within the soil and root systems which are beneficial traits for phytostabilization programs.
So the correct answer to the above question is ‘(a) Crotalaria juncea and Alhagi camelorum’.

Note: Another effective approach in decreasing the levels of copper in Crotalaria juncea is with the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Phosphate uptake is significantly improved within the presence of AMF, which functions to effectively reduce the quantity of obtainable heavy metals. The symbioses with AMF and soil supplementation of phosphate takes into account the advanced development of Crotalaria juncea.