Question

Which of the following plant hormones promotes cell division?
A. Auxin
B. Cytokinin
C. Ethylene
D. Gibberellin

Answer 1

It is a plant-specific chemical hormone that plays a key role in controlling the cycle of plant cells and in various processes of growth. Within all plant tissues, this hormone is found. In the root tip, shoot apex, and immature seeds, they are abundant.

Complete answer:
First, we should know about plant hormone to answer this question. In various conditions, including stress, plant hormones are among the most important biochemicals influencing plant growth and yield development. Auxin, ethylene, abscisic acid, cytokinin, gibberellins, salicylic acid, brassinosteroid, strigolactone, and nitrous oxide are plant hormones. Plant hormones influence the functioning of the plant under stress and may enable the plant to withstand environmental stresses.

Now, let us find the solution from the options-
- Auxin facilitates cell elongation, parthenocarpy, apical dominance, root activation and resists abscission. Thus, option A is incorrect.
-Cytokinin facilitates cell division and forming of organs, slows senescence, promotes the growth of lateral buds, increases cell expansion in cotyledon leaves, and promotes the development of chloroplast.
-The fruit ripening hormone is ethylene, which causes fruit ripening. Thus, option C is incorrect.
Gibberellin stimulates stem elongation, germination of seeds, breaks dormancy, encourages internode elongation and causes parthenocarpy. Thus, option D is incorrect.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: Plant hormones are chemical compounds which are found in plants at very low concentrations. Indole (auxins), carotenoids (Abscisic acid), adenine (Cytokinins), terpenes (Gibberellins), and gases are derivatives (Ethylene). In nearly all parts of the plant, these hormones are produced and are transferred to other parts of the plant. Synergistically or independently, they may behave. It may be complementary or antagonistic to the functions of multiple hormones. Hormones, along with extrinsic influences, play an essential role in processes such as phototropism, vernalisation, seed germination, dormancy, etc.