Question

Which of the following pairs of organelles does not contain DNA?
A. Mitochondria and lysosomes
B. Chloroplast and vacuoles
C. Lysosomes and vacuoles
D. Nuclear envelope and Mitochondria

Answer 1

A cell is the unit of life. It has various organelles carrying out the functions of our life. From the protein synthesis to the import and export of materials from the cell, everything is organized in a cell. Their number varies from function and requirement. Some of them have their own DNA enabling their contribution to the genetic system.

Complete answer: DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid. All the 23 pair chromosomes carry DNA. These are double-stranded coiled helices. These have two polypeptide strands. The model of DNA was given by Watson and Crick. X-Crystallography was used to identify the structure. The human genome is a set of nucleic acids sequences in the case of humans which is encoded as DNA with all 23 pairs of chromosomes in cell nuclei. DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid. It is composed of two polynucleotide chains. They coil around each other forming a helix. It carries information about the genetic development, growth, and functioning of an individual. These also carry the physical trait genes from the parents. A DNA molecule has a sugar, phosphate, and purine/pyrimidine group. It is usually present in the nucleus of the cell as it is the center of genetic information. Other than the nucleus, the mitochondria and chloroplast have their DNA. The lysosome is the membrane organelles, formed from the Golgi apparatus. Their major function is to remove the waste from the cell. The autolysis is the process of destruction of a cell which is carried out by the lysosome. Thus the enzymes like DNase, Rnase, protease, etc. are present in them to digest the macromolecules and nucleic acids. The vacuole is a bubbles-like structure, found in animal and plant cells, which store the food or nutrients. They can also have waste products to protect the cell from contamination. There are a larger number of vacuoles in a cell. Their main function is to store nutrients and food.
Option A: Mitochondria and lysosomes: Lysosomes are deprived of DNA but the mitochondria have their DNA.
Option B: Chloroplast and vacuoles: Chloroplast have the DNA but the vacuole does not have.
Option C: Lysosomes and vacuoles: They both do not have DNA in them.
Option D: Nuclear envelope and Mitochondria: They have their genetic makeup of DNA.
So the answer is option C: Lysosomes and vacuoles

Note: The Lysosomes are spherical structures. They have more than 40 types of enzymes in them. They have a variety of hydrolytic enzymes to break down the macromolecules. They are usually found in animal cells. They are rarely present in the plant cells.