Question

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
1. Protoplast fusion – Parasexual hybridization
2. Biogas – Ethylene
3. Plasmid – Circular DNA
Select the correct answer using the codes given.
A. 1,2, and 3
B. 1 and 3
C. 2 and 3

Answer 1

Protoplast fusion is the fusion of the protoplasts. Biogas is the production of various gases from the waste substances by the methanogen bacteria. The plasmid is the extra DNA that is carried by the bacterial cells apart from the original DNA or the nucleoid.

Complete answer: Pair 1: Protoplast fusion-Parasexual hybridization: It is also known as somatic hybridization. It is the process in which the protoplast is isolated from the somatic cells and the hybrid cells are regenerated from the fusion products. The parasexual hybridization completely bypasses the sex. Moreover, it allows the combination of the genomes of two desirable parents. This can be done irrespective of the taxonomic relationship between them. Therefore, this is the correct pair.
Pair 2: Biogas – Ethylene: Biogas is a mixture of various gases. The predominant gas is methane. It is produced by microbial activity. Biogas is used as a fuel. Other than methane the biogas consists of carbon dioxide, hydrogen, nitrogen, and hydrogen sulfide. Therefore, this is the incorrect pair.
Pair 3: Plasmid – Circular DNA: The plasmid is the extrachromosomal, non-essential, circular, double-stranded, self-replicating, and autonomous piece of DNA. It is found in the bacterial and yeast cells. Sometimes they possess the property of antibiotic resistance and virulence. Therefore, this is the correct pair.
Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: Major component of the Biogas is methane 50 - 70%. Methane is a highly inflammable gas. It is produced by the methanogen bacteria. Other than that, the Biogas mixture consists of 30-40% carbon dioxide and 10% hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen, etc.