Question

Which of the following is true about the cerebrum?
(a)It is poorly developed in humans
(b)It consists of two hemispheres, left and right
(c)It controls the pituitary gland
(d)None of the above

Answer 1

The cerebrum is the largest part of the human brain and is part of the forebrain. It is responsible for planning, thinking, and judging as well as organized speech and information. It is also known as the telencephalon and is the uppermost region of the central nervous system.

Complete answer:
The human brain is divided into the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. The cerebrum is part of the forebrain and is highly developed in human beings. It is made up of two C-shaped cerebral hemispheres that are separated from each other by the longitudinal fissure. The two hemispheres are connected to each other by a tract of fibers known as the corpus callosum. The left hemisphere controls and processes the right side of the body whereas the right hemisphere controls and processes the left side of the body. The pituitary gland is controlled by the hypothalamus which is situated at the basal part of the forebrain.

Additional Information: Let us look at the structure of the human brain in detail. It consists of the following structures:
Forebrain: The forebrain consists of the cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus and makes up the uppermost region of the brain. The cerebrum wraps around a structure known as the thalamus which is a major center responsible for coordination between sensory and motor signals. The hypothalamus lies at the base of the thalamus and has a number of centers for body temperature, urge for eating and drinking, etc.
Midbrain: The midbrain is located between the thalamus of the forebrain and the pons of the hindbrain and it consists of a canal known as the cerebral aqueduct and four round swellings called corpora quadrigemina.
Hindbrain: The hindbrain consists of pons, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata and is present at the dorsal part of the brain. Pons is responsible for interconnecting different parts of the brain whereas the cerebellum connects the brain to the spinal cord. The medulla contains centers to control respiration, cardiac function, etc.
So, the correct option is 'It consists of two hemispheres, left and right'.

Note: -The pituitary gland is known as the master gland as it controls all the endocrine glands of the body.
-But since the pituitary gland is itself controlled by the hypothalamus, the hypothalamus is known as the master of the master gland.
-The hormones that are secreted by the posterior pituitary known as oxytocin and vasopressin are actually synthesized by the hypothalamus.