Question

Which of the following is sex-lined?
A. Phenylketonuria
B. Haemophilia
C. Diabetes Mellitus
D. Thalassemia

Answer 1

Hint:- Sex chromosomes contain many genes essential for normal body function, much like autosomes. The disease is considered sex-linked when a mutation in one of these genes leads to biological deficits. Mutations of the Y chromosome are considered "Y-linked" and only affect males as they bear a copy of that chromosome alone. There may be either dominant or recessive X-linked disorders. Dominant X-linked diseases are the outcome of an X chromosome mutation that can impact either males or females.

Complete Answer:-
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare genetic disorder that allows the body to accumulate an amino acid called phenylalanine. A defect in the gene that helps build phenylalanine hydroxylase causes PKU. Your body can't break down phenylalanine while this enzyme is absent. This produces a phenylalanine accumulation in your body. Haemophilia is uncontrolled bleeding and the failure of the blood to clot properly. Severe bleeding can result from even a small cut or a minor injury. Of the several X-linked recessive inherited genetic diseases, haemophilia is one where the gene that causes the disease or dysfunction is located on the X-chromosome.
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that induces elevated blood sugar is diabetes mellitus, also known as diabetes. The hormone insulin transfers sugar from the blood into your cells, to be used for the production of energy. With diabetes, the body either does not produce enough insulin or does not use the insulin it produces efficiently. Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder in which an irregular type of haemoglobin is formed by the body. The protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen in haemoglobin. The disease results in red blood cells being unnecessarily damaged, which leads to anaemia.
Thus, the right option is B.

Note:- In two ways, Haemophilia exists:
● Haemophilia A: It is induced explicitly by a mutation on the X chromosome in the Factor VIII gene.
● Haemophilia B: This is mediated by a mutation on the X chromosome in the Factor IX gene.