Question

Which of the following is known as fusion mixture?
A. mixture of $\text{N}{{\text{a}}_{\text{2}}}\text{C}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}\text{+NaHC}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$
B. $\text{N}{{\text{a}}_{\text{2}}}\text{C}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}\text{+10}{{\text{H}}_{2}}O$
C. Mixture of ${{\text{K}}_{2}}\text{C}{{\text{O}}_{3}}\text{+N}{{\text{a}}_{\text{2}}}\text{C}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$
D. $\text{NaHC}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$

Answer 1

Hint: Fusion mixture is made up of salts of potassium and sodium.

Complete step by step solution:
It is called a fusion mixture because it is fused with various samples of organic compounds to be used in the group test.
Mostly, the carbonates of potassium and sodium are used.
The mixture is good for qualitative analysis as sodium and potassium are very reactive alkali metals. Therefore, they break the strong covalent bond present between carbon and other electronegative atoms such as Nitrogen, oxygen, halogens, sulphur etc.
They form an ionic bond with the respective element such as with halogens they will form halides and with sulphur they will form sulphide ions.
Hence, (A) cannot be the fusion mixture because there is a presence of bicarbonate and not potassium.
(B) & (D) are not the answer because in option (B) it is not fused with the potassium carbonate & (D) option, Sodium is not present in carbonate state, rather in the bicarbonate one.
Therefore, the answer is (C) mixture of ${{\text{K}}_{\text{2}}}\text{C}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}+\text{N}{{\text{a}}_{\text{2}}}\text{C}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$

Note:
$\text{N}{{\text{a}}_{\text{2}}}\text{C}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$ is also known as Soda ash. ${{\text{K}}_{\text{2}}}\text{C}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$ is also known as Pearlash. Hence, their mixture together is called a fusion mixture.