Question

Which of the following is called the artificial kidney?
A. Dialyzer
B. Haemocytometer
C. Auto analyzer
D. Artificial pacemaker

Answer 1

Kidneys are the organ of excretion and they are known for excreting out waste products from the body in the form of urine or feces. Any failure in the functioning of kidneys will lead to the accumulation of excess water and waste products in the body, a condition called uremia. So, artificial kidneys are used for patients suffering from kidney failures.

Complete answer:
Option (A) is correct. The dialyzer is also called an artificial kidney because it performs the function of removing excess fluids and wastes from the body when the original kidneys fail to do so. The procedure employed for cleaning the blood or excreting out wastes from the body is called hemodialysis that makes use of a special filter which is called a dialyzer.
Option (B) is incorrect. Haemocytometer is a device containing counting chambers (modified and calibrated microscope slides) used for counting the blood cells.
Option (C) is incorrect. An autoanalyzer is an automated analyzer that makes use of continuous flow analysis (CFA), a flow technique. These instruments have been used for clinical purposes (determining the level of albumin, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, cholesterol, etc in blood serum or body fluids), and industrial purposes (wine analysis, soil, water analysis).
Option (D) is incorrect. Artificial pacemaker is also known as the cardiac pacemaker is a medical device that has been used to provide electrical impulses through the electrodes to the heart muscle chambers to let them contract and then pump blood. Thus, this device replaces the function of the electrical conduction system of the heart.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: Dialyzers are made of thin, fibrous material that serves the purpose of a semipermeable membrane, thereby, allowing smaller particles and liquids to pass through. They have been used to carry out the process of excretion in patients suffering from kidney problems. Hence, they are also called artificial kidneys.