Question

Which of the following is attached to both karyotheca and plasma membrane?
A. Golgi body
B. Lysosome
C. Food vacuole
D. Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 1

Karyotheca is a double-layered membrane surrounding the eukaryotic cell nucleus, which separates the cytoplasm from the nucleoplasm. The plasma membrane, also known as the cell membrane, on the other hand, is the membrane present in all cells that separates the cell 's interior from the outside world. A cell wall is attached to the plasma membrane on its external surface in bacterial and plant cells.

Complete answer:
Golgi body - Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex or Golgi body, a eukaryotic cell membrane-bound organelle consisting of a series of flattened, stacked pouches called cisternae. It is the duty of the Golgi apparatus to carry, adjust and pack proteins and lipids into vesicles for delivery to targeted destinations. It is situated next to the endoplasmic reticulum and near the cell nucleus in the cytoplasm.
Lysosome - Lysosome, a subcellular organelle present in almost all eukaryotic cell types that is responsible for the digestion of macromolecules, old sections of cells, and microorganisms. Each lysosome is surrounded by a membrane which, through a proton pump, maintains an acidic environment within the interior. Lysosomes contain a broad range of hydrolytic enzymes such as nucleic acids , proteins, and polysaccharides that break down macromolecules.
Food vacuoles- Inside a cell, food vacuoles are membrane-bound sacs containing food matter to be digested. This can be described as intracellular "stomachs," where food is processed and its nutrients are extracted while it is broken down. The cell membrane curves to surround a particle of food to begin the cellular process.
Endoplasmic reticulum - Except for mature erythrocytes, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a membrane-bound organelle present in all eukaryotic cells. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum and rough endoplasmic reticulum are two kinds of ER. At the periphery of the cell, i.e., towards the plasma membrane, there is a smooth endoplasmic reticulum that is devoid of ribosomes. Owing to the presence of ribosomes, the rough endoplasmic reticulum has a rough surface and they are present towards the nucleus and connected to the karyotheca.

So, the correct option is "option D".

Note: Regardless of dynamics or propagation at ER-organelle contacts, the ER retains its unique overall structure. Due to the various distinct domains within one continuous membrane bilayer, the structure of the ER is complex. The contact sites between the ER and the PM are endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-plasma membrane (PM) junctions, the gap between the two organelles in the junctions is less than 40 nm and protein tethers connect the membranes.