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Question: Which of the following is/are non-reducing sugars? A) \[{\text{Methyl }}\alpha - {\text{D}}( + ) -...

Which of the following is/are non-reducing sugars?
A) Methyl α−D(+)−glycopyranose{\text{Methyl }}\alpha - {\text{D}}( + ) - {\text{glycopyranose}}
B) Methyl β−D(+)−glycopyranose{\text{Methyl }}\beta - {\text{D}}( + ) - {\text{glycopyranose}}
C) Glucose pentacetate
D) α−D(+)−glycopyranose\alpha - {\text{D}}( + ) - {\text{glycopyranose}}

Explanation

Solution

To check whether a sugar is reducing or non-reducing we must check whether the aldehyde group is in free form or not. If the aldehyde is in free form then it is reducing in nature and if the aldehyde is in acetal form then the sugar is non reducing sugar.

Complete step by step solution:
Sugar is basically a carbohydrate. carbohydrates are those molecules which are made up of carbon and hydrogen. They are aldehyde or ketones or which upon hydrolysis gives aldehyde or ketone are known as carbohydrates.
Sugars can also be classified as reducing and non reducing sugar. A reducing sugar always has a free aldehyde or ketone or they are in hemiacetal or hemiketal form. A non reducing sugar is that sugar which does not have free aldehyde or ketone group. They are either in acetal or ketal form.

The above molecule possesses a hemiacetal structure and hence can form open chains which will give free aldehyde and hence is reducing sugar.

There are clearly so many free aldehyde groups present in the above molecule and hence is a reducing sugar.

The above molecule has neither hemiacetal or hemiketal form nor free aldehyde or ketone and hence is non reducing in nature. Methyl α−D(+)−glucopyranose{\text{Methyl }}\alpha - {\text{D}}( + ) - {\text{glucopyranose}} and Methyl β−D(+)−glucopyranose{\text{Methyl }}\beta - {\text{D}}( + ) - {\text{glucopyranose}} are just the stereoisomers of the molecule methyl glucopyranoside. The structure for both remains same, just the arrangement of molecules in space will differ.

Hence, the correct option is A and B.

Note:
Sugars are further classified as monosaccharide, disaccharide and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are the simplest sugar they do not hydrolyze to give more simple carbohydrates. Examples of monosaccharides are glucose and fructose. Disaccharides give units of monosaccharide upon hydrolysis examples of disaccharides sucrose and fructose.