Question

Which of the following is/are grouped under phanerogams
A. Angiosperms
B. Gymnosperms
C. Pteridophytes
D. Both (A) and (B)

Answer 1

The plants which bear flowers and fruits after the maturity is known as phanerogams. The reproductive parts of phanerogam plants are easily visible and produce seeds. These plants contain chlorophyll, eukaryotic, and also multicellular. For example – cactus, cycad, etc.

Complete answer:

Option A and B:
The plants which reproduce from seeds are called phanerogams or spermatophytes. Angiosperms and Gymnosperms are both seed-bearing plants. The seeds are naked which means not covered by ovary or fruit in the gymnosperms whereas seeds are not naked and enclosed in ovary or fruit in angiosperms. But both are phanerogams because both reproduce from seeds.

The development of gymnosperms seeds occurs either on the surface of scales or leaves. The largest living group of gymnosperms is conifers. The living species of gymnosperms is approx. 1000. The plants of gymnosperms can be used economically like in lumber, paper production, and other uses like in soap, nail polish, perfumes, gum, etc.

The vascular plants that develop from seed and consist of stems, roots, and leaves are called angiosperms. The seeds of the angiosperm plants are covered by ovary or fruit. They are the flowering plants. The stamens of the angiosperm plant are lighter in weight and prevent self-fertilization.

Option C: The vascular plants which consist of xylem and phloem and disperse spores are called pteridophytes. They reproduce from spores rather than from seeds that is why these plants come under the cryptogram category. For example – ferns, horsetails, club-mosses, etc.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D).

Note: Phanerogam consists of the seed-bearing category of the plants which are angiosperms and gymnosperms. The plants can reproduce from seeds or spores. The seed-bearing plants produce flowers and fruits whereas spore-bearing plants do not consist of flowers and fruits. They only have leaves, stems, and roots. The species of gymnosperms and angiosperms are high in number in the whole world.