Question

Which of the following is a mechanical barrier used in birth control?
(A) Copper T
(B) Diaphragm
(C) Loop
(D) Dalkon shield

Answer 1

Devices worn or inserted before copulation is termed as a mechanical barrier. These devices in one or the other way prevents the entry of semen or sperm into the uterus thereby, interrupting fertilization. One of the examples of such a device is a condom.

Complete Answer:
- Mechanical barriers used in birth control are measures taken by one of the partners to ensure that the fertilization does not occur. These measures are not a permanent approach to birth control. The device can be inserted or worn before the act and later can be disposed of.
- Condoms and diaphragms are the main examples of such mechanical barriers. The mechanical device diaphragm is a rubber or silicone cup that is used in combination with spermicides. Before insertion of the device, it is sprayed with spermicide, this prevents the entry of sperm into the uterus. The device is fixed on the entry of the uterus (cervix). The insertion of the device does not require any medical expertise.
- On the other hand devices like copper T, loop and Dalkon shield require medical expertise. They are a surgical solution and are often termed as IUDs (Intrauterine Devices).

Hence the correct answer is option B.

Additional Information:
- An IUD copper T is a T-shaped device. Generally, it is made up of plastic or copper. This IUD releases small proportions of copper into the uterus which aids in contraception.
- Loop also called a Lippes loop is another IUD. It is a double S-shaped device. The device acts as a contraceptive by attracting macrophages. The device in itself is not contraceptive, the macrophages attracted act as a contraceptive.
- The Dalkon shield was used as a contraceptive measure in the 1970s. But, on insertion, various ill effects were observed like infection, infertility, etc.

Note: Mechanical barriers are the devices that are worn or inserted before the sexual act. It is removed after the act and discarded or cleaned (if reusable). The diaphragm is a device that closes the mouth of the uterine cavity and thereby acts as a mechanical barrier.