Question

Which of the following doctors made the first test tube baby possible?
A. T.D. Dogra & Dr. Christian Barnard
B. Robert Edwards & Dr. Indira Hinduja
C. Patrick Steptoe & Robert Edwards
D. Dr. Indira Hinduja & Dr. T.D. Dogra

Answer 1

The human reproductive system involves the production of male gametes or the sperms and the female gametes or the ovum. The fertilization takes place between the male and female gametes inside the body of the female or the uterus. In certain conditions due to several complications the normal process of fertilization is not possible but other in vitro methods are employed for child birth.

Complete step by step answer: The inability of the reproductive system to achieve a clinical pregnancy is known as infertility. It is the failure of the sexually mature individuals to undergo the process of childbirth. The infertility problems can occur both in males and females. In females, the inability of carrying a child can be due to various physiological and hormonal disturbances.
Due to various advancements in technology and studies, infertility can be treated by various methods such as the in vitro fertilization methods. In this process, the egg is combined with sperms outside the body of the mother. This process involves specific monitoring of the ovulatory process through stimulation by hormones. THe ovum is then removed from the body of the mother and fertilized with the sperm in a liquid in laboratory conditions. After, the process is completed and the zygote is again transferred into the uterus of the female which establishes the successful pregnancy.
This process of in vitro fertilization first of all took place in the Dr. Kershaw’s Hospice in Royton, Oldham, England. It was successfully conducted by Patrick Steptoe & Robert Edward. The child was born to a female who received the IVF treatment and the first child born was named Louise Brown. Robert Edward was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2010 for the development of the in vitro techniques of in vitro fertilization.
Dr. Christian Barnard was the first cardiac surgeon to perform the human to human heart transplant operation. T.D. Dogra is an Indian forensic pathologist.
Robert Edwards was a pioneer in reproductive medicine. Patrick Steptoe was a British gynecologist and pioneer of fertility treatments.
Therefore, the correct option is option C.

Note: THe IVF techniques is the process of fertilization of the female ovum with the male sperm outside the uterus by following certain specific procedures and further transplantation of the fertilized zygote back to the uterus for establishment of pregnancy. This technique was discovered by Patrick Steptoe & Robert Edwards and it made possible the birth of the first test tube baby.