Question

Which of the following classes of RNA molecules carries the genetic information as it is needed for the construction of a protein?
A. Ribosomal RNA
B. Transfer RNA
C. Messenger RNA
D. Primary mRNA transcript

Answer 1

There are three major types of RNA. They are mRNA or messenger RNA, rRNA or ribosomal RNA and tRNA or transfer RNA. They all are different forms of genetic material, however, they have various functions to perform. This type of RNA associates with ribosomes during translation.

Complete answer:
Translation is the process of formation of proteins by the utilisation of genetic information translated by mRNA. A fully matured mRNA is a relatively short strand of nucleotide base sequences. It is composed of a 5’ cap, coding regions with coding sequences or CDA, untranslated regions and a poly-A tail. The coding region is constituted of a start codon and a stop codon. The start codon is generally a sequence of AUG triplet, while the stop codons are UAG, UAA, UGA triplets. These stop codons are usually referred to as amber, ochre and opal, respectively. The mRNA carries all the genetic information in the form of nitrogenous base sequences. The construction and synthesis of proteins are totally dependent upon the sequence and information of mRNA. Hence, it can clearly be said that the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules carry the coding sequence for protein synthesis during the process of translation.
So, the correct answer is option C.

Note: The mRNA is a single-stranded molecule that carries genetic code from DNA in a cell nucleus to ribosomes. It serves the purpose of an intermediary between DNA and proteins. It is used by the ribosome to direct synthesis of protein it encodes.